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Why do vaccines need fridges?

Most traditional vaccines contain delicate biological material that needs careful temperature control, often in a fridge or freezer, to stay effective. This story highlights how extreme heat or cold can damage them, making around half of all global supplies unusable each year. Keeping vaccines cold from factory to patient is known as the 'cold chain'.

Stories that explain this

New 'fridge-free' vaccines could stop half of global supply being wasted

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